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Filhos da maturidade : Atitudes sobre a gravidez e maternidade, ansiedade, depressão e stress em grávidas tardias
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Abstract(s)
Este trabalho tem como objectivo perceber se existem diferenças significativas ao nível
das atitudes sobre a gravidez e a maternidade e das dimensões da sintomatologia de
ansiedade, depressão e stress entre grávidas tardias e um grupo comparativo. Foram aplicados
os instrumentos: Escala de Ansiedade, Depressão e Stress – EADS-21, Escala de Atitudes
sobre a Gravidez e a Maternidade - EAGM e um Questionário de Caracterização Sociodemográfica.
A amostra é constituída por 60 grávidas primíparas no terceiro trimestre de
gestação: 30 constituem um grupo comparativo (grupo 1) com idades entre os 17 e os 33 anos
e 30 são denominadas por primíparas tardias (grupo 2), com idades entre os 35 e os 40 anos.
Os resultados obtidos na EADS-21 revelam que estes dois grupos não apresentam
diferenças estatisticamente significativas quanto à dimensão das variáveis ansiedade,
depressão e stress. Na EAGM observa-se a existência de diferenças significativas na subescala
que mede a gravidez como factor de mudança/crescimento pessoal, indicador de que as
grávidas tardias não percepcionam tanto a gravidez como um factor de mudança e de
crescimento pessoal, comparativamente ao outro grupo. Verificou-se ainda a presença de uma
correlação moderada entre as sub-escalas “depressão” e “filho imaginado” assim como
“ansiedade” e “aspectos difíceis da gravidez”, admitindo-se que quanto maior a dimensão de
sintomas de depressão menor é a dimensão demonstrada perante o “filho imaginado”; tal
como se observa que quanto maior a dimensão de sintomas de ansiedade menor é a dimensão
demonstrada perante os “aspectos difíceis da gravidez”. Conclui-se que as grávidas tardias em
estudo não apresentam qualquer tipo de risco em termos psicológicos.
The aim of this study is to verify if there are relevant differences in pregnancy and maternity attitudes, as well as anxiety, depression and stress dimensions between late pregnancy and a comparative group. There were applied three instruments: Scale of Anxiety, Depression and Stress - EADS-21, Scale of Attitudes on Pregnancy and Parenting - EAGM and a Sociodemographic Questionnaire. The sample is composed of 60 primipare in the third trimester of gestation. The comparative group (Group 1) is composed of 30 women aged between 17 and 33 years old and the other group is composed of 30 women aged between 35 and 40 years old, denominated late primipare. The results give evidence that there are no statistically significant differences in the dimension of the anxiety, depression and stress variables. In EAGM, we can observe significant differences at the subscale of pregnancy as a factor of change/personal development, which indicates that late primipare does not have perception of pregnancy as a factor of change/ personal development as the other group does. It was also verified a moderated correlation between “depression” and “Imagined son” Subscales, such as “anxiety” and “pregnancy difficulties”, concluding that as higher the dimention of depression symptoms, lower is the dimension demonstrated for the “imagined son”. It is also shown that as higher the anxiety symptoms dimension , lower ”pregnancy difficulties” dimension. We can conclude that late primipare in this study don’t have any type of psychological risks.
The aim of this study is to verify if there are relevant differences in pregnancy and maternity attitudes, as well as anxiety, depression and stress dimensions between late pregnancy and a comparative group. There were applied three instruments: Scale of Anxiety, Depression and Stress - EADS-21, Scale of Attitudes on Pregnancy and Parenting - EAGM and a Sociodemographic Questionnaire. The sample is composed of 60 primipare in the third trimester of gestation. The comparative group (Group 1) is composed of 30 women aged between 17 and 33 years old and the other group is composed of 30 women aged between 35 and 40 years old, denominated late primipare. The results give evidence that there are no statistically significant differences in the dimension of the anxiety, depression and stress variables. In EAGM, we can observe significant differences at the subscale of pregnancy as a factor of change/personal development, which indicates that late primipare does not have perception of pregnancy as a factor of change/ personal development as the other group does. It was also verified a moderated correlation between “depression” and “Imagined son” Subscales, such as “anxiety” and “pregnancy difficulties”, concluding that as higher the dimention of depression symptoms, lower is the dimension demonstrated for the “imagined son”. It is also shown that as higher the anxiety symptoms dimension , lower ”pregnancy difficulties” dimension. We can conclude that late primipare in this study don’t have any type of psychological risks.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao ISPA - Instituto Universitário
Keywords
Psicologia da gravidez Gravidez Gravidez tardia Maternidade Atitudes Primiparidade Puerpério Depressão Ansiedade Stress EADS-21 EAGM Psychology of pregnancy Pregnancy Maternity Primipare Puerp Depression Anxiety