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Ser saudável é uma escolha: motivos hedónicos e eudemónicos que regulam a prática de actividade física em adultos
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Abstract(s)
Nos últimos anos, tem-se assistido a um envelhecimento crescente da população portuguesa, o que torna Portugal, atualmente, num país com uma sociedade envelhecida. Posto isto, é importante proporcionar um envelhecimento ativo, através de diversas formas, uma delas a atividade física. O comportamento de praticar atividade física tem por base diversos factores psicológicos, nomeadamente o papel da motivação que irá influenciar este comportamento. Este comportamento traz diversos benefícios para toda a população, especialmente para a população idosa, aumentando o seu bem-estar e qualidade de vida. O objetivo principal deste estudo é analisar o papel das orientações (hedónica e eudemónica) para o bem-estar e qualidade de vida e da motivação auto-regulada para a prática de atividade física em adutos. Um segundo objetivo será tambem perceber se a motivação é moderadora destas relações. A perpetiva hedónica, defende a “boa vida” como a vivência máxima de afetos positivos (prazer) e como a pouca vivência de afetos negativos. A perpetiva eudemónica defende que o indivíduo deve viver praticando o que valoriza e em que acredita, ajustando, ao longo do tempo, as suas atividades aos seus interesses, desenvolvendo o melhor de si, a longo prazo. Participaram 220 sujeitos, dos quais 127 pertencem à sub-amostra <60 anos e 90 pertencem à sub-amostra ≥60 anos. Foram utilizados como instrumentos o HEMA-R, para medir os motivos hedónicos e eudemónicos com que os indivíduos praticam actividades, o BREQ-4, para avaliar a regulação motivacional, o SF-12v2, para avaliar a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde e o SPANE, para medir o balanço afetivo (afetos positivos e negativos). Os resultados confirmam que existe uma relação estatisticamente significativa entre as orientações hedónicas e eudemónicas para as actividades, o bem-estar e a qualidade de vida, bem como a motivação para a prática de atividade física. Mas verifica-se que a motivação não é moderadora de todas estas relações.
In recent years, it has witnessed a growing growth of the Portuguese population, or what has now become Portugal, a country with an aging society. That said, it is important to provide an active asset in various ways, one of them in physical activity. The behavior of practicing physical activity is based on several psychological factors, especially the motivating role that will influence this behavior. This behavior has several benefits for the entire population, especially for the elderly, the reduction or well-being and quality of life. The main objective of this study is to analyze the role of orientations (hedonic and eudemonic) for well-being and quality of life and self-regulated motivation for the practice of physical activity in adults. A second objective will also be to understand if the motivation moderates these relationships. Perpetual hedonics defends a “good life” as the maximum experience of positive affect (pleasure) and the experience of minimal affect. Perpetual eudemonics argues that the individual should live by practicing or valuing and believing, adjusting their activities over time to their interests, and developing their best in the long run. 220 subjects participated, of which 127 belong to the subsample <60 years and 90 belong to the subsample ≥60 years. The instruments used were HEMA-R, to measure the hedonic and eudemonic motives with which the activities performed, the BREQ-4, to evaluate the motivational motivation, the SF-12v2, to assess the quality of life in health and the SPANE, to measure the affective balance (positive and negative affects). The results confirm that there is a statistically significant relationship between hedonic and eudemonic orientations for activities, well being and quality of life, as well as motivation for physical activity. But make sure the motivation is not moderating all these relationships.
In recent years, it has witnessed a growing growth of the Portuguese population, or what has now become Portugal, a country with an aging society. That said, it is important to provide an active asset in various ways, one of them in physical activity. The behavior of practicing physical activity is based on several psychological factors, especially the motivating role that will influence this behavior. This behavior has several benefits for the entire population, especially for the elderly, the reduction or well-being and quality of life. The main objective of this study is to analyze the role of orientations (hedonic and eudemonic) for well-being and quality of life and self-regulated motivation for the practice of physical activity in adults. A second objective will also be to understand if the motivation moderates these relationships. Perpetual hedonics defends a “good life” as the maximum experience of positive affect (pleasure) and the experience of minimal affect. Perpetual eudemonics argues that the individual should live by practicing or valuing and believing, adjusting their activities over time to their interests, and developing their best in the long run. 220 subjects participated, of which 127 belong to the subsample <60 years and 90 belong to the subsample ≥60 years. The instruments used were HEMA-R, to measure the hedonic and eudemonic motives with which the activities performed, the BREQ-4, to evaluate the motivational motivation, the SF-12v2, to assess the quality of life in health and the SPANE, to measure the affective balance (positive and negative affects). The results confirm that there is a statistically significant relationship between hedonic and eudemonic orientations for activities, well being and quality of life, as well as motivation for physical activity. But make sure the motivation is not moderating all these relationships.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia da Saúde.
Keywords
Bem estar Orientações hedónicas e eudemónicas Motivação Atividade física Qualidade de vida Balanço afetivo Well-being Hedonic and eudemonic orientations Motivation Physical activity Quality of life Affective balance.