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O funcionamento familiar, a inteligência emocional e o autocontrolo nos crimes de abuso sexual, violência doméstica e homicídio
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O crime é visto como um comportamento que satisfaz universalmente os desejos
humanos (Gottfredson & Hirschi, 1990). Entre os elementos que podem explicar a
carreira delinquente de um indivíduo, a família ocupa um lugar de eleição (Born, 2005).
Mayer e Salovey (1997), indicam que a falta de aprendizagem de um repertório
emocional adequado, que constitui a inteligência emocional, pode, por vezes, estar
associado à origem do comportamento desviante. Na perspetiva de Gottfredson e
Hirschi (1990), através da Teoria Geral do Crime, pretende-se explicar todos os tipos de
crime, em todos os contextos e diferentes fases da vida, assumindo que o autocontrolo é
o cerne do comportamento desviante.
Assim, este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de explorar a relação entre o
funcionamento familiar, a inteligência emocional e o autocontrolo em sujeitos
condenados pelos crimes de abuso sexual, violência doméstica e homicídio, esperandose
encontrar diferenças significativas entre as tipologias de crime nas variáveis
estudadas. Para tal, contámos com 92 participantes, reclusos, do sexo masculino, com
idades compreendidas entre os 20 e os 73 anos de idade.
Os resultados demonstram que os participantes têm uma percepção semelhante
da forma como se organizam as suas famílias, excepto na comunicação, onde os
abusadores sexuais reportam maiores dificuldades comunicativas. Ao nível da expressão
emocional e capacidade para lidar com as emoções, foram encontradas diferenças
significativas, onde os abusadores sexuais apresentaram maiores défices emocionais. No
autocontrolo, foram encontradas diferenças entre os abusadores sexuais e os homicidas,
onde os primeiros apresentaram maiores níveis de autocontrolo. Limitações e
implicações práticas e teóricas deste estudo são discutidas com base na literatura.
ABSTRACT------Crime is seen as behaviour that universally satisfies human desires (Gottfredson & Hirschi, 1990). Between those elements that may explain the delinquency of an individual, the family occupies a place of choice (Born, 2005). Mayer and Salovey (1997) suggest that the lack of learning from an appropriate emotional repertoire, which constitutes emotional intelligence, can, sometimes, be related to the origin of deviant behaviour. In the view of Gottfredson and Hirschi (1990), as set out in their General Theory of Crime, all types of crime can be explained, in all contexts and through the various stages of life, on the assumption that self-control is at the core of deviant behaviour. This study was therefore undertaken with the objective of exploring the relationship between the functioning of the family, the emotional intelligence and the self-control in individuals who had been convicted of crimes of sexual abuse, domestic violence and murder, with the hope of finding significant differences between the types of crime in the variables that were studied. For this purpose, we relied on a sample comprising 92 male inmates, with ages ranging from 20 to 73 years old. The results demonstrated that the participants have a perception that is similar to the way in which their families are organized, except for communication, where the sexual abusers report greater communication difficulties with their families. At the level of emotional expression and the capacity to deal with emotions, significant differences were found, with the sexual abusers showing the greatest emotions deficits. Regarding self-control, differences were found between the sexual abusers and the murderers, where the former demonstrated higher levels of self-control. Limitations and practical and theoretical implications of this study are discussed based on the literature review.
ABSTRACT------Crime is seen as behaviour that universally satisfies human desires (Gottfredson & Hirschi, 1990). Between those elements that may explain the delinquency of an individual, the family occupies a place of choice (Born, 2005). Mayer and Salovey (1997) suggest that the lack of learning from an appropriate emotional repertoire, which constitutes emotional intelligence, can, sometimes, be related to the origin of deviant behaviour. In the view of Gottfredson and Hirschi (1990), as set out in their General Theory of Crime, all types of crime can be explained, in all contexts and through the various stages of life, on the assumption that self-control is at the core of deviant behaviour. This study was therefore undertaken with the objective of exploring the relationship between the functioning of the family, the emotional intelligence and the self-control in individuals who had been convicted of crimes of sexual abuse, domestic violence and murder, with the hope of finding significant differences between the types of crime in the variables that were studied. For this purpose, we relied on a sample comprising 92 male inmates, with ages ranging from 20 to 73 years old. The results demonstrated that the participants have a perception that is similar to the way in which their families are organized, except for communication, where the sexual abusers report greater communication difficulties with their families. At the level of emotional expression and the capacity to deal with emotions, significant differences were found, with the sexual abusers showing the greatest emotions deficits. Regarding self-control, differences were found between the sexual abusers and the murderers, where the former demonstrated higher levels of self-control. Limitations and practical and theoretical implications of this study are discussed based on the literature review.
Description
Dissertação de mestrado apresentada ao ISPA - Instituto Superior
Keywords
Crime Funcionamento familiar Inteligência emocional Teoria geral do crime Autocontrolo